“Fundamentals of Soil Water Conservation and Engineering” deals with land surveying fundamentals and engineering structures designed to mitigate land degradation and conserve soil moisture. Core topics include chain and compass surveying, leveling, land area computation, soil erosion mechanics (water and wind), Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), agronomic and mechanical soil conservation measures (contour bunds, graded bunds, bench terraces), gully control, rainwater harvesting structures, farm ponds, and agricultural water lifting pumps.
Topics Covered
- Principles of Surveying and Leveling in Agricultural Lands
- Chain Surveying – Ranging, Offsets, Field Measurement Recording, and Errors
- Compass Surveying – Prismatic Compass, Bearings, and Local Attraction
- Plane Table Surveying and Dumpy Level Operations
- Computation of Land Area and Volume – Simpson’s Rule and Trapezoidal Rule
- Soil Erosion – Causes, Geological vs. Accelerated Erosion, and USLE
- Mechanics of Water Erosion – Splash, Sheet, Rill, and Gully Erosion
- Biological and Agronomic Soil Conservation Measures – Contour Cultivation and Strip Cropping
- Mechanical Conservation Measures on Plains – Contour Bunds, Graded Bunds, and BBF
- Mechanical Measures on Hill Slopes – Contour Trenches, Bench Terracing, and Stone Walls
- Gully Control Structures – Temporary Check Dams and Permanent Drop Spillways
- Wind Erosion Mechanics – Saltation, Suspension, and Surface Creep
- Wind Erosion Control – Shelterbelts, Windbreaks, and Sand Dune Stabilization
- Rainwater Harvesting Techniques – In-situ Conservation and Micro-Catchments
- Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting and Groundwater Recharge Methods
- Farm Ponds, Percolation Tanks, and Watershed Management Concepts
- Groundwater Wells, Aquifer Hydraulics, and Well Types
- Agricultural Pumps – Centrifugal, Submersible, Jet, and Turbine Pumps
- Pump Selection, Operating Characteristics, and Routine Maintenance
File Details
| Title | Fundamentals of Soil Water Conservation and Engineering |
| File Name | AENG151 – Fundamentals of soil water conservation and engineering.pdf |
| File Type | PDF Document (.pdf) |
| File Size | 2.54 MB |
| Total Pages | 66 Pages |