“Manures, Fertilizers and Agrochemicals” covers bulky organic manures, industrial chemical fertilizer manufacturing, biofertilizers, environmental impacts of agrochemicals, and the chemistry of pesticides. Detailed topics include FYM, compost technologies, nitrogenous, phosphatic and potassic fertilizer production, slow-release fertilizers, Fertilizer Control Order (FCO), organophosphates, carbamates, botanicals, synthetic pyrethroids, herbicides, and fungicides.
Topics Covered
- Bulky Organic Manures – Types, Chemical Composition, and Agricultural Value
- Concentrated Organic Manures – Oilcakes, Green Manures, Sewage Sludge, and Biogas Slurry
- Composting Technologies – Vermicomposting, Aerobic, and Anaerobic Decomposition Methods
- Classification of Chemical Fertilizers – Straight, Complex, Mixed, and Complete Fertilizers
- Nitrogenous Fertilizers – Manufacturing of Urea, Ammonium Sulphate, and Ammonium Nitrate
- Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers – Lac-Coated Urea, Neem-Coated Urea, and Polymer Coatings
- Controlled-Release Fertilizers and Nitrification Inhibitors
- Phosphatic Fertilizers – Rock Phosphate, Basic Slag, Bone Meal, SSP, and TSP Manufacturing
- Potassic Fertilizers – Muriate of Potash (KCl), Potassium Sulphate (K2SO4), and Schoenite
- Secondary and Micronutrient Fertilizers – Zinc Sulphate, Borax, and Chelated Compounds
- Complex Fertilizers – Nitrophosphates and Ammonium Phosphates (DAP and MAP)
- Mixed Fertilizers – Preparation, Physical and Chemical Compatibility, and Advantages
- Biofertilizers – Nitrogen Fixers (Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, BGA) and Phosphate Solubilizers (PSB, VAM)
- Environmental Impact of Continuous Heavy Fertilizer Usage – Soil Acidification and Eutrophication
- Fertilizer Control Order (FCO), 1985 – Statutory Specifications and Quality Enforcement
- Introduction to Agrochemicals – Organic Chemistry Fundamentals for Agricultural Pesticides
- Pesticide Formulations – Dusts, Wettable Powders, Emulsifiable Concentrates, Granules, and SC
- Organophosphate Insecticides – Chemistry, Mode of Action, and Common Examples (Malathion, Chlorpyrifos)
- Carbamate Insecticides – Chemical Structure, Properties, and Uses (Carbofuran, Carbaryl)
- Botanical Pesticides – Neem Formulations (Azadirachtin), Pyrethrum, and Rotenone
- Synthetic Pyrethroids – Characteristics, Knockdown Effect, and Crop Applications
- Herbicides – Chemical Classification, Modes of Action, Selectivity, and Application Timing
- Inorganic and Organic Fungicides – Copper Compounds, Sulphur, and Dithiocarbamates (Mancozeb)
- Systemic Fungicides – Benzimidazoles (Benomyl, Carbendazim), Carboxins, and Triazoles
- Compatibility of Pesticides with Fertilizers and Other Agrochemicals
- Fate, Persistence, and Residue Dynamics of Pesticides in Soil, Water, and Plant Produce
- Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) – Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene, and Abscisic Acid
File Details
| Title | Manures, Fertilizers and Agrochemicals |
| File Name | SSAC222 – Manures, Fertilizers and Agrochemicals.pdf |
| File Type | PDF Document (.pdf) |
| File Size | 4.41 MB |
| Total Pages | 178 Pages |